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ADHD Medication – How Ritalin Helps Kids Manage ADHD ADHD medications can help children manage their symptoms. Doctors prescribe stimulants and nonstimulants to treat ADHD. Stimulants increase the amounts of two brain chemicals—norepinephrine and dopamine—that help kids focus. These are the first option for kids and teens with ADHD. Long-acting stimulant formulations Many people suffering from ADHD begin treatment by taking stimulant medications. They are highly effective in improving attention and concentration for 70-80% of people who suffer from ADHD. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests starting with a FDA-approved medication. Medications are only available by prescription, and must be taken according to the directions. Over-the-counter (OTC) supplements or vitamins that are advertised to treat ADHD are not backed by scientific research and can result in harmful side effects when used alongside prescription drugs. There are numerous long-acting stimulant formulations, each with a customized delivery system and a different time-action profiles. These medications allow clinicians the ability to pinpoint certain times of the day when patients are most impaired. For instance, patients who have trouble completing morning tasks can benefit from long-acting stimulants such as Dexedrine Spansules, Dextroamphetamine/AMPH patch (Xelstrym), or the newer extended-release oral medication Mydayis (lisdexamfetamine). Long-acting ADHD medication is absorbed into the bloodstream slower and is less likely to cause adverse effects than short-acting ADHD medication. They usually last between 8 to 16 hours, based on the medication. The longer duration also allows the medication to have a an overall effect that is consistent throughout the day and makes them a good choice for adults. Some of the possible side effects of long-acting ADHD medications are changes in appetite, upset stomach and an increase in heart rate. Other possible side effects include tics and minor delays in growth. These are not permanent and typically disappear once the body adjusts. The most commonly used type of long-acting ADHD medication is methylphenidate. It is the active ingredient in Ritalin and similar medications. It is a stimulant that increases levels of dopamine within the brain. These neurotransmitters are essential chemical messengers that play an important role in motivation, action, and cognition. The most popular stimulant drugs for ADHD include amphetamines, methylphenidates, and atomoxetine. All of these drugs are classified as “methylphenidates,” although some are formulated differently. Some are absorbed into the body through the skin, while others are consumed orally or administered intravenously. Short-acting stimulant formulations There are many stimulant medications available to treat ADHD. They include all forms of methylphenidate such as Ritalin, Focalin and Metadate, as well as amphetamines like Adderall, Dexedrine and Vyvanse. Doctors can also prescribe atomoxetine, which functions a bit differently from the stimulants and can last a bit longer. There are also some antidepressants that are not typical and can be effective for ADHD symptoms. These include Wellbutrin (bupropion) as well as the two antihypertensives Catapres and Tenex. Stimulant medications work by increasing the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain. This helps improve concentration and decrease restlessness in children and adults with ADHD. The medications also reduce the impulsivity and hyperactivity of children and adults. The stimulants can trigger negative side effects, such as dry mouth and blurred vision. Certain people may also experience an increase in irritability and anxiety. Some people have trouble sleeping after taking these drugs. The “rebound effect” is a condition that occurs when the effects of the drug wear off, is a major concern. The drugs can also cause high blood pressure and a higher heart rate in some people. When prescribed by a physician, however these drugs are safe and effective for adults. The most effective stimulant medication for people suffering from ADHD is a morning dose prior to going to school or working. These are known as long-acting stimulants. This type of medication can reduce symptoms and avoid the possibility of a rebound. Other versions of the medication may be taken throughout the day as required. Short-acting medications are absorbed rapidly and then peak in the body. Someone who requires them regularly may need to take more than one tablet per day. This can be a challenge for many adults with ADHD. Stimulants are among the most popular and widely-used treatment for ADHD in adolescents, children and adults. They are thought to be the most effective drugs in decreasing ADHD symptoms. They can have serious and life-threatening side effects if taken in a way that is not properly or in large quantities. They may also increase your chances of developing depression and mental health issues. Nonstimulant medications Nonstimulant medicines are an alternative to stimulant medications, such as Ritalin in the event that they fail to work or cause adverse effects that are too extreme. These medications are less addictive and prone to abuse than stimulants. They function by increasing levels of the brain chemical norepinephrine. Doctors who specialize in mental health are the most likely to prescribe these medicines. They are often used in conjunction with a treatment plan that incorporates psychosocial treatments and lifestyle adjustments. Nonstimulant drugs can take longer to effect than stimulants. They may also require a greater dosage to achieve the same degree of effectiveness. They are usually prescribed in a capsule or tablet form and can be taken with or without food. medication for adhd are more likely than other medications to cause stomach upset or alter heart rate and bloodpressure. They also have an increased risk of developing interactions with other drugs. Some ADHD medications are available in patches, which can be worn on the skin. These patches are ideal for those who forget or have difficulty swallowing tablets. These patches are also helpful for children who are tactilely-sensitive and dislike taking medicine through the mouth. The patch is only beneficial for children who are able to apply it continuously. It can take time to determine the best dosage, combination of medications, and schedule. It's important to communicate clearly and openly with a health professional regarding the way you or your child responds to the medication. It's helpful to keep a diary of your your child's symptoms and any changes that occur with the medication. There are always side effects of taking any medication. Some people experience stomach upsets or sleep disturbances, as well as an increased heart rate and weight loss. Children and adolescents who use stimulant drugs may suffer a decrease in their growth rate. It is not usually significant. Some individuals might experience tics or anxiety. A small proportion of them may experience a severe reaction to the medication. Consult a doctor as soon as you or your child experiences severe symptoms. Only take medications as prescribed by your doctor. Ask your pharmacist if there is an exchange program for prescription drugs. You may also mix the medication with cat litter or ground coffee and dispose of it. Antidepressants Many people who receive stimulant medication for ADHD also use an antidepressant or nonstimulant medication. They can have a relaxing effect and may help to control some of the negative effects of stimulants, including an increase in appetite or trouble sleeping. In general, nonstimulant medications are less likely to cause depression than stimulants. They also can help treat bipolar disorders and anxiety, which are sometimes linked to ADHD. Stimulants that are used to treat ADHD have a great potential for misuse and abuse. Kids and teens without ADHD may use them to increase their alertness or curb their appetites to lose weight. Others may take them to get “high.” Stimulants are Schedule I drugs with a high chance of addiction. If they are prescribed correctly and taken by adults they don't increase the likelihood of addiction. Methylphenidate is a stimulant. It is the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD. It stimulates brain areas that control behavior and attention. It is available as immediate release tablets (small doses that are taken 2 to 3 times a day), and modified-release tablets that release the drug throughout the entire day. Also available in liquid and chewable form. When stimulant medications are taken to treat ADHD Some people experience a short period of feeling tired, depressed, and more active. This is referred to as the rebound effect. Changes in the time you take your medicine or adjusting your dosage can reduce these symptoms. adhd and medication for adults suffering from ADHD is guanfacine. This is available as the long-acting medication Intuniv. This blood pressure medication is a kind of alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist has been proven effective in reducing hyperactivity among adults. It doesn't appear to be as helpful in reducing symptoms of inattention, however. It may take some time to find the appropriate ADHD dosage and medication for your child or yourself. Your doctor will probably begin with small doses and gradually increase them until they find a combination that controls your symptoms with the lowest number of side effects. You'll need to visit your GP regularly for regular checkups and to see if the dosage needs to be adjusted.